Bismillah-irrahmaan-irraheem
The
following is a the text I have used for this section – Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2 by Maulana Yusuf Kandhlawi
Ra. Pages 47-174. I will not cover all the incidents covered in
the book but brief highlights from the life of the Sahabah.
The
Statement of Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA Concerning Dissension
Ibn
Is'haaq reports the historic sermon that Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA delivered in the
orchard of the Banu Saa'idah. Hadhrat Abu Bakr ~ said, "It is not
permissible for the Muslim to have two leaders. As soon as this happens,
dissension springs up in all their affairs and all the commands issued. Their
unity is then fragmented, and they start to fight amongst themselves. At this
point, the Sunnah is forsaken, Bid'ah rears its ugly head and anarchy
intensifies. No one can then set matters right.".
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
47
The Statement
of Hadhrat Umar RA Concerning Dissension
In the
narration discussing the scenario before the pledge of allegiance was taken at
the hand of Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA, Hadhrat Saalim bin Ubayd states that someone
from the Ansaar said, "(Who do we not appoint) A leader from amongst us
(Ansaar) and another from amongst you (Muhaajireen)." Hadhrat Umar RA
responded to this by saying, "Two swords in one sheath!? They will never
fit.".
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
47
Appointing
an Ameer over Ten Persons
Hadhrat
Shihaab Ambari narrates. "I was the first to set alight the gates of
Tustar when Hadhrat Ash'ari RA was struck down by an arrow. When the city was
conquered, Hadhrat Ash'ari RA appointed me as Ameer over ten members of my
tribe."
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
92
Appointing
an Ameer for a Journey
Hadhrat
Umar RA once said, "When there are three people travelling. they should
appoint one of them as Amir. This appointment has been commanded by Rasulullaah
SAW
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
92
The
Sermon of Hadhrat Umar RA when most of the Sahabah RA pledge their allegiance
to Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA
Hadhrat
Anas RA reports that he heard the closing sermon of Hadhrat Umar RA as he sat
on the pulpit the day after Rasulullaah SAW passed away. Hadhrat Abu Bakr
RA sat in silence without saying a word. Hadhrat Umar RA said, "I wished
that Rasulullaah SAW would remain alive until we had all passed away, so that
he would be the last of us alive. (However, we have nothing to fear because)
Even though Muhammad ~ has passed away, Allaah has left in our midst a light
(the Qur'aan) by which we are guided and which has also guided Muhammad SAW.
Abu Bakr RA is the close companion of Rasulullaah SAW. He was 'the second of
the two' (in the cave with Rasulullaah SAW during the Hijrah) and he is the
most worthy of administering the affairs of the Muslims. You should therefore
stand up and pledge your allegiance to him." Although a large group
had already pledged their allegiance to Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA in the orchard of
the Banu Saa'idah, the general pledge of all the Muslims took place in the
Masjid. Imaam Zuhri narrates from Hadhrat Anas RA on that day Hadhrat
Umar RA kept insisting that Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA mount the pulpit until he was
forced to do so. The general public then pledged their allegiance to him.
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
52
Accepting
Leadership for the Welfare of Deen
What Happened
between Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA and Hadhrat Ibn Abu Raafi RA
Hadhrat
Raafi ibn Abu Raafi RA narrated, "After the people had appointed Hadhrat
Abu Bakr RA as Khalifah, I said (to myself), 'This is the very man who told me
never to assume leadership over even two persons (contrary to his own advice,
he has now become the leader of all the Muslims).' I then left (home) and rode
to Madinah. I then confronted Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA and said, '0 Abu Bakr! Do you
recognise me?' 'I certainly do,' he replied. I asked further, 'Do you remember
something that you once told me that I should not assume leadership over even
two persons? However, you have assumed leadership over the entire Ummah.' He
replied, 'When Rasulullaah SAW left this world, the people were still new in
Islaam. Although I disliked it, I then assumed the post because I feared that
(without leadership) they would revert to kufr and dispute with each other. In
addition to this, my companions also kept insisting.' Abu Bakr RA then
continued giving me his reasons until my heart was content (that he assumed the
post solely for the welfare of the Deen)."
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
64
A Leader
Appointing his Successor
Hadhrat
Abu Bakr RA Consults with other Sahabah RA on his deathbed Concerning his
Successor
Hadhrat Abu
Salama bin Abdur Rahmaan and others narrate that when Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA grew
extremely ill and was close to death, he called for Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin
Auf RA and said, "Tell me about Umar bin Khattaab RA" Hadhrat Abdur
Rahmaan RA replied, "You are asking me about someone whom you know better
than me." Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA said, "I still want you to tell
me." Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan RA then said, "He is the best of all those
whom you see fit as your successor." Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA then summoned
Hadhrat Uthmaan bin Affaan RAand asked him, "Tell me about Umar bin
Khattaab." "You know him the best from all of us," responded
Hadhrat Uthmaan RA. "Despite this, 0 Abu Abdullaah."
Hadhrat
Uthmaan RA then said, "I swear by Allah that as far as I know, his inner
self is even better than his (exemplary) outer appearance and there is none
like him amongst us," Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA commented, "May Allah SWT
shower his mercy on you. By Allah! Should I leave him (as my successor). I
would not be doing you any wrong." Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA then also consulted
with Hadhrat Sa'eed bin Zaid Abu A'war RA, Hadhrat Usayd bin Hudhayr RA and
several other Sahabah RA from amongst the Muhaajireen and the Ansaar. Hadhrat
Usayd RA had the following to say, "By Allah I rate him the best after
you. He is pleased with that which pleases Allah and angry with that which
angers Allah .. His inner self is even better than his (excellent) outer
appearance and there is none as capable for the post of Khalifah as he
is." When some other Sahabah RA heard that Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin Auf
RA and Hadhrat Uthmaan ~ hadseenHadhratAbuBakr ~ privately, they went to
Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA and one of them said, 'What would you reply to your Rabb if
He asked you about appointing Umar as your successor when you have already seen
his harshness?" Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA asked someone to help him sit up and
then said, "Do you wish to make me fear Allah?! Ruined is the person who
carries injustice as his provision to the Akhirah! I would tell my Rabb that I
have appointed the best of Your creation as my successor. Convey what I have
told you to everyone else." Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA then lay down, called for
Hadhrat Uthmaan bin Affaan RA and told him to write a letter(to confirm
appointment of Umar RA as successor).
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
66
***
The above is the method Molana Ilyas Ra appointed Maulana Yusuf Ra as Amir of
work Tabligue. ***
Appointing
a Consultative Assembly of Competent People to Decide who Should be the
Khalifah
The
Narration of Ibn SaId Concerning the Debts of Hadhrat Umar RA his Burial with
his two Companions and his appointment of Six Men to decide which of the Them
Would be the Khalifah.
In his
narration concerning the assassination of Hadhrat Umar RA, Hadhrat Amr bin
Maymoon also says that Hadhrat Umar RA told his son Hadhrat Abdullaah RA to
check on his debts and add them up. When Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar RA informed
his father that the debts amounted to eighty-six thousand. Hadhrat Umar RA
instructed, "If the amount can be paid from the wealth of Umar's family,
then pay it from there on my behalf. If this is not possible, ask (my tribe)
the Banu Adi bin Ka'b (to settle the debt). If their wealth is also not
sufficient, then ask the Quraysh. However, you should not ask from anyone else
besides them and (do your best to) settle my debts. I also want you to go to
the mother of the Mu'mineen Hadhrat Aa'isha RA. Greet her with Salaam and say
to her that Umar bin Khattaab requests permission to be buried. beside his two
companions (Rasulullah SAW and Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA). However, do not say that
the Ameerul Mu'mineen requests for permission because I am not the Ameerul
Mu'mineen anymore."
When
Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar RA went to Hadhrat Aa'isha RA, he found her sitting
and weeping. He greeted her and then addressed her saying, "Umar bin
Khattaab requests permission to be buried beside his two companions."
Hadhrat Aa'isha RA replied, "By Allaahr Although I had originally reserved
the place for myself, I shall today give him preference over myself." When
Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar ~ came back to his father, Hadhrat Umar RA asked,
''What news do you have?" Hadhrat Abdullaah bin
Umar RA
informed Hadhrat Umar RA that Hadhrat Aa'isha RA had granted the permission.
Hadhrat Umar RA then commented, "There was nothing more important to me
than this. When I die, I want you to carry me on my bed and (when you arrive at
the door of Hadhrat Aa'isha RA then seek permission saying, 'Umar bin Khattaab
requests permission to enter.' If she permits my entry, then take me in,
otherwise take me to the graveyard of all the Muslims."
When the
body of Hadhrat Umar RA was taken (for burial), it appeared as if the Muslims
had never before experienced any tragedy. (Upon arrival at the door of Hadhrat
Aa'isha RA Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar RA greeted her with salaam and said,
"Umar bin Khattaab requests permission to enter." Hadhrat Aa'isha RA
granted permission and Hadhrat Umar RA was honoured to be buried alongside
Rasulullah SAW and Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA. May Allah shower His mercies on him.
When Hadhrat Umar RA was about to pass away, the people told him to appoint a
successor. He said, "I find none more worthy of leadership than the six
men with whom Rasulullah SAW was pleased when he passed away. Whoever they
appoint shall be the Khalifah after me." Hadhrat Umar RA then named Hadhrat
Uthmaan RA, Hadhrat Ali RA, Hadhrat Talha RA Hadhrat Zubayr RA, Hadhrat Abdur
Rahmaan bin Auf RA and Hadhrat Sa'd bin Abi Waqqaas RA. He then added, "If
Sa'd becomes the Khalifah, that will be fine. Otherwise, whichever of them
becomes the Khalifah should request his assistance because I had not dismissed
him (from his post as governor of Kufa) because of any inability or treachery
on his part." Hadhrat Umar RA then detailed the role of his son Abdullaah
RA as someone with whom the six could consult, emphasising that he should not
be allowed to assume the post as Khalifah. When the six Sahabah RA got together
(after the demise of Hadhrat Umar RA), Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin Auf RA
proposed that three of them forfeit their entitlement to the other three. Hadhrat
Zubayr RA then handed his over to Hadhrat Ali RA, Hadhrat Talha RA gave his to
Hadhrat Uthmaan RA and Hadhrat Sa'd RA gave his to Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin
Auf RA. The three remaining nominees then consulted with each other when the
decision was left to them entirely. Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin Auf RA then said
to the other two (Hadhrat Uthmaan RA and Hadhrat Ali RA "which of you
wishes to absolve himself (from making the decision) and hand over the decision
to me. I pledge to Allah that I shall not be negligent in selecting the one
from amongst you who is the best and shall be best for the people." When
the two Sahabah RA agreed, Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin Auf RA spoke to Hadhrat
Ali RA in confidence saying, "You are the close relative of Rasulullah SAW
and amongst the earliest Muslims. I ask you to tell me in Allah’s name
whether you would exercise justice if you were appointed Khalifah and that if I
appointed Uthmaan as Khalifah, you would listen to him and obey him." when
Hadhrat Ali RA attested that he would do so, Hadhrat AbduL Rahmaan bin Auf RA
then said the same thing in confidence to Hadhrat Uthmaan ~~. When Hadhrat
Uthmaan RA agreed to do as asked, Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin Auf RA asked
Hadhrat Uthmaan RA to stretch out his hand. When Hadhrat Uthmaan RA did so,
Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin Auf RA pledged his allegiance to Hadhrat Uthmaan RA
and was followed by Hadhrat Ali RA and the general public.
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
72
The
Narration of Ibn Abi Shaybah and Ibn Sa'd in this Regard
Hadhrat
Arm bin Maymoon reports that when Hadhrat Umar RA was on his death bed, he
called for Hadhrat Uthmaan RA, Hadhrat Ali RA, Hadhrat Talha RA, Hadhrat Zubayr
RA, Hadhrat Abdur Rahmaan bin Auf RA and Hadhrat Sa'd bin Abi Waqqaas RA (When
they came) Hadhrat Umar RA then addressed only Hadhrat Ali RA and Hadhrat
Uthmaan RA, he said to Hadhrat Ali RA, "0 Ali! These people recognise your
kinship to Rasulullah SAW (that you are his cousin and son-in-law) and the
tremendous knowledge and insight that Allah has granted you (because of which
they may select you to be the Khalifah). If you are nominated to be the
Khalifah, you should fear Allah and never lift that tribe (your tribe the Banu
Haashim) on to the necks of people." Hadhrat Umar RA then addressed
Hadhrat Uthmaan RA saying, "0 Uthman These people know well that you were
the son-in-law of Rasulullah SAW and they recognise your age and your
respectability. If you are nominated to be the Khalifah, you should fear Allah
and never lift that tribe (your tribe) on to the necks of people." Hadhrat
Umar RA then asked the people to summon Hadhrat Suhayb RA (When he arrived)
Hadhrat Umar RA said to him, "Lead the people in salaah for three days
during which period this group will gather in a room (to discuss which of them
should be the Khalifah). When they agree on one person, any person who opposes
them should be executed." Hadhrat Abu Ja'far reports that Hadhrat Umar RA
said the following to the (six) members of the consultative assembly:
"Consult with each other about who should be appointed as Khalifah. If
your votes are tied at two, two and two (each pair nominating a different
person of three candidates), then repeat the consultation. However, if the
votes are four to two, accept the opinion of the majority." (2) A
narration from Hadhrat Aslam quotes that Hadhrat Umar RA said, "If the
opinions are tied at three to three, adopt the side of Abdur Rahmaan.
Thereafter, you should listen to and obey (the new Khalifah)." Another
narration from Hadhrat Anas RA states that a short while before Hadhrat Umar RA
passed away, he sent for Hadhrat Abu Talha RA and said, "0 Abu Talha! Be
the fifth of a group of your people from the Ansar to be with the consultative
assembly. I suppose that they will gather in a house belonging to one of them,
so I want you and your group to stand at the door of that house. You should not
allow anyone to enter with them, and you should not allow the third day to pass
by without them having appointed one of them (as Khalifah)." Hadhrat Umar
RA then prayed, "0 Allah! You are my Successor over them”
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
73
***Above
was the method used by Maulana Inamul Hassan Ra to appoint his successor.
It’s a matter of delusion from Alumi Shura section of Tabligue jammat
that Maulana Inamul Hassan Ra third Amir went against the practise of both his
predecessors (Maulana Yusuf Ra & Maulana Ilyas Ra), against Quran, Sunnah
and Seerah to appoint only a Shura and not Amir. The Alumi Shura have rejected
the notion of having Amir and work on a carousel bases of having Faisal
(decision maker) turn by turn, which has no bases in shariah***
Detaining
People by Whom Divisions will be Caused in the Ummah
Hadhrat
Sha'bi narrates that when Hadhrat Umar RA passed away, certain members of the
Quraysh had already become irritated by him. They were people whom Hadhrat Umar
RA had detained in Madinah (did not permit them to leave the city). However,
Hadhrat Umar RA still continued showering favours on them. Hadhrat Umar RA used
to say, "What I fear most for this Ummah is that you should disperse into
the various cities (and neglect the seat of Khalifah)." Besides the few
individuals from the Muhaajireen whom Hadhrat Umar RA had confined to Madinah,
Hadhrat Umar RA did not impose the restriction to other people of Makkah.
Whenever one of these Muhaajireen who had been confined to Madinah would seek
permission to fight in a battle, Hadhrat Umar RA said to him, "Your
expeditions with Rasulullah SAW had been sufficient to enter you (to Jannah).
Better for you than fighting in battles today, is for you not to see the world
and for the world not to see you." (Hadhrat Umar RA wanted these sahabah
RA to remain in Madinah so that Muslims from other parts would come to Madinah
to benefit from them. In this manner, Muslims would preserve their attachment
with the seat of Khilaafah, thereby strengthening their unity.) When Hadhrat
Uthmaan ~~~ became the Khalifah, he allowed them to go free and they dispersed
in the various cities. Large numbers of people then started affiliating with
them (and staying where they stayed). (Two of the narrators named) Hadhrat
Muhammad and Hadhrat Talha commented, "This was the first weakness that entered
Islaam and was certainly the first tragedy to befall the Ummah (because instead
of developing their affiliation with the seat of Khalifah, it caused Muslims to
rather develop local ties, thus weakening the capital city). Hadhrat Qais bin
Abi Haazim reports that when Hadhrat Zubayr RA sought permission from Hadhrat
Umar RA to march for a battle, Hadhrat Umar RA said to him, "You should
rather remain seated in your house because you have already fought by the side
of Rasulullah SAW. However, Hadhrat Zubayr RA repeated the request, and it was
on the third or fourth occasion that Hadhrat Umar RA said, "Rather remain
seated at home because I swear by Allah that if you and your companions leave
the borders of Madinah, you may start insurrection against the companions of
Muhammad SAW.
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,, page
79
The
Incident Between Hadhrat Umar RA and Hadhrat Amr bin AI Aas RA
Hadhrat
Abdullaah bin Yazeed narrates that Rasulullah SAW once dispatched Hadhrat Amr
bin Al Aas RA as commander of a military expedition that included Hadhrat Abu Bakr ~~ and Hadhrat Umar RA. When they
reached the place where the battle was to be fought, Hadhrat Amr bin AI Aas RA
issued the command that no fires were to be lit. This angered Hadhrat Umar RA
and he was about to object when Hadhrat Abu Bakr RA stopped him and said to
him, "Rasulullah SAW has made him your commander because of his knowledge
of warfare." Hadhrat Umar RA then simmered down.
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,,,
Page 104
A
Narration of Hadhrat Abu Bakrah RA Concerning Respect for an Ameer
Hadhrat
Ziyaad bin Kusayb Adawi reports that Abdullaah bin Aamir used to deliver
lectures to the people while wearing fine clothing and with well groomed hair.
After leading the salaah one day and entering his room, Mirdaas Abu Bilaal
commented, 'Would 'you look at the people's Ameer and leader! He wears fine
clothes and adopts the appearance of the sinners!" Hadhrat Abu Bakrah RA
was sitting next to the pulpit. When he heard this, he told his son Usayli to
call Abu Bilaal. When Abu Bilaal arrived, Hadhrat Abu Bakrah RA said to him, If
I have heard the comment you have just made about the Ameer. I have heard
Rasulullah SAW say, 'Allah will honour the person who honours His Ameer and
will disgrace the person who disgraces Allaah's Ameer."
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,,,
Page 106
The Narration
of Hadhrat Abdullaah bin Umar RA concerning Respecting the Ameer
Hadhrat
Abdullaah bin Umar RA narrates that Rasulullah RA was once with a group of the
Sahabah RA when he turned to them and. said, "Do you not know that I am
verily the Rasul of Allah sent to you?" The Sahabah RA replied, "But
of course. We testify that you are certainly the Rasul of Allah."
Rasulullah SAW then asked them, "Do you not know that whoever obeys me
obeys Allah and obedience to me is part of obedience to Allah?" The
Sahabah RA responded by saying, "But of course. We testify that whoever
obeys you obeys Allah and obedience to you is part of obedience to Allah."
Rasulullah SAW went on to say, "For you to obey me is part of obedience to
Allah and for you to obey your leaders is part of obedience to me. In fact,
even if they perform salaah sitting down, you should also perform salaah
sitting down."
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,,,
Page 107
The
Consequences of Disobeying the Ameer
Hadhrat
Shamar narrates from a man who had been the chief of an area during the
Khalifah of Hadhrat Ali TA, that Hadhrat Ali RA once. issued an order to them
and then asked, “will you do as you have been ordered?" When they
said that they would not, Hadhrat Ali RA said, "I swear by Allah that you
must do as you have been commanded otherwise the Jews and the Christians will
definitely mount your necks."
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,,,
Page 109
Prohibition
from Speaking ill of the Ameer
The
Narration of Hadhrat Anas RA in this Regard
Hadhrat
Anas RA narrates, "The senior companions of Rasulullah SAW used to prevent
us from certain misdeeds. They would say, 'Never speak ill of your leaders,
never betray them and never disobey them. Fear Allah and exercise patience
because the event (Qiyaamah/death) is close by,".
Source: Hayatus
Sahabah Vol2,,,
Page 111
The
full collection can be viewed with authentic sources in book Hayatus Sahabah
Volume 2.
