Bismillah-irrahmaan-irraheem. In this section we will discuss wither having an Amir (leader) or a Shura (council) in the context of Sunnah. There virtual no ahadith that mention you have a shura with having appointed leader, wereas their many hadith about appointing a leader even if it 3 people travelling.
Bismillah-irrahmaan-irraheem
I collect some hadith on appointing an Amir and following an Amir below, this is not a conclusive list but just collection of hadith to emphases on having Amir.
The Hadith of 'Abdullah bin 'Amr RA:
The Prophet ﷺ said: "It is not permissible for three people to be in an open desert without appointing one of them as their leader."
Source: Musnad Ahmad
The Hadith of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri RA & Abu Hurairah RA:
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When three persons set out on a journey, they should appoint one of them as their leader (amir)."
Source: Sunan Abi Dawud (Classified as Hasan/Good by Imam Al-Nawawi)
The Hadith of Anas RA:
Anas RA narrated The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Listen and obey (your chief) even if an Ethiopian whose head is like a raisin were made your chief."
Source: Bukhari, Book 10, Hadith 88
The Hadith of Hudhaifah RA:
Hudhaifah Radiyallahu 'anhu narrates I heard Rasulullah Sallallahu 'alaihi wasallam saying: He who separates from the Jama'at, and degrades the authority of the Amir will meet Allah having no status in his eyes.
Source: Musnad Ahmad, Majma-'uz-Zawaid
The Hadith of Hudhaifah bin Yaman RA:
Hudhaifah bin Yaman RA narrated that the Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “There will be callers at the gates of Hell; whoever responds to them they throw them into it." I said: "O Messenger of Allah, describe them to us." He said: "They will be from our people, speaking our language." I said: "What do you command me to do, if I live to see that?" He said: "Adhere to the main body of the Muslims and their leader. If there is no such body and no leader, then withdraw from all their groups, even if you bite onto the trunk of a tree until death finds you in that state."
Source: Sunan Ibn Majah. Chapter 39
The Hadith of Abu Dharr RA:
Abu Dharr RA narrated that he reached Rabadhah when the Iqamah for the prayer had already been given, and there was a slave leading them in prayer. It was said: "This is Abu Dharr," so he (the slave) started to move back. But Abu Dharr said: "My close friend (i.e., the Prophet (saw)) told me to listen and obey, even if (the leader was) an Ethiopian slave with amputated limbs."
Source: Sunan Ibn Majah. Chapter 27
The Hadith of Yahya bin Abu Muta RA:
Yahya bin Abu Muta narrated "I heard Irbad bin Sariyah say: 'One day, the Messenger of Allah (saw) stood up among us and delivered a deeply moving speech to us that melted our hearts and caused our eyes to overflow with tears. It was said to him: 'O Messenger of Allah, you have delivered a speech of farewell, so enjoin something upon us.' He said: 'I urge you to fear Allah, and to listen and obey, even if (your leader) is an Abyssinian slave. After I am gone, you will see great conflict. I urge you to adhere to my Sunnah and the path of the rightly-guided (Khulafah) Caliphs, and cling stubbornly to it. And beware or newly-invented matters, for every innovation is a going astray.'" (Hasan)
Source: Sunan Ibn Majah. Chapter 1
The Hadith of Abdur Rahman bin Amr As-Sulami RA:
Abdur Rahman bin Amr As-Sulami that he heard Al-Irbad bin Sariyah say: "The Messenger of Allah (saw) delivered a moving speech to us which made our eyes overflow with tears and made our hearts melt. We said: 'O Messenger of Allah, this is a speech of farewell. What do you enjoin upon us?' He said: 'I am leaving you upon a (path of) brightness whose night is like its day. No one will deviate from it after I am gone but one who is doomed. Whoever among you lives will see great conflict. I urge you to adhere to what you know of my Sunnah and the path of the rightly-guided Caliphs, and cling stubbornly to it. And you must obey, even if (your leader is) an Abyssinian slave. For the true believer is like a camel with a ring in its nose; wherever it is driven, it complies." (Sahih)
Source: Sunan Ibn Majah. Chapter 1
The Hadith of Abu Najih Al-Erbadh bin Sariah:
Al-Erbadh bin Sariah who said: The messenger of Allah gave us a sermon by which our hearts were filled with fear and tears came to our eyes. We said: "O Messenger of Allah, it is as though this is a farewell sermon, so counsel us." He said: "I counsel you to fear Allah and to give absolute obedience even if a slave becomes your leader. Verily he among you who lives [long] will see great controversy, so you must keep to my sunnah and to the sunnah of the rightly-guided Khalifahs - cling to them stubbornly. Beware of newly invented matters, for every invented matter is an innovation and every innovation is a going astray, and every going astray is in Hell-fire." related by Abu Dawud and Al-Tirmithi, who said that it was a fine and true Hadith.
Source: Imam Nawawi's 40 hadith. Chapter 1
I have included the below hadith because the Kandalawi family with which the Amirs of the past and Maulana Saad belongs to are Siddiqi (family tree of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq RA the second Khalifa of Islam) by descendants. I will deal with this in detail in another section and because of this they have bloodline to the Quraish.
The Quraish and authority of ruling
The Prophet (SAW) (ﷺ) said, "Authority of ruling will remain with Quraish, even if only two of them remained."
Source: Bukhari, Book 61, Hadith 11
It was narrated that Humaid bin ‘Abdur-Rahman said:
When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) died, Abu Bakr was in some other area of Madinah. He came and uncovered his face and kissed him, and said: May my father and mother be sacrificed for you; how good you look in life and in death. Muhammad (ﷺ) has died, by the Lord of the Ka'bah... Then Abu Bakr and ‘Umar came together to the people, Abu Bakr spoke and did not omit anything that was revealed concerning the Ansar or that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had said concerning them but he mentioned it. And he said: You know that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `If the people were to walk in one direction and the Ansar were to walk in another, I would walk in the direction of the Ansar.` I know, O Sa'd, that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, when you were sitting here: `Quraish are to be in charge of this affair (Islam), so the righteous people are but followers of the righteous of (Quraish), and the wrongdoers among the people are but followers of the wrongdoers of (Quraish).` Sa'd said to him: You have spoken the truth: we are advisers and you are leaders.
Source: Musand Ahmed, Book 1, hadith 18
Abdullah bin Abi Al-Hudhail RAsaid:
"There were some people from (the tribe of) Rabiah with 'Amr bin Al-'As, so a man from (the tribe of) Bakr bin Wa'il said: "Either the Quraish will stop, or Allah will place this matter among the masses of the Arabs other than them.' So 'Amr bin Al-'As said: 'You have lied, I heard the Messenger of Allah (SAW) saying: "The Quraish are the leaders of the people, in the good and the bad, until the Day of Judgement."
Source: Jami at-Tirmidhi, Book 33, Hadith 70